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专家怼人果然有文化,批特朗普:“关税猛药”治不好“逆差病”,反要了性命丨外媒说

2018-06-21 21:46:07    央广网  参与评论()人

Up to 70,000 net jobs in manufacturing are projected to be lost due to steel and aluminum tariffs. And by jeopardizing access to global markets, the ongoing brinksmanship will directly undercut American manufacturing by increasing the price of the foreign inputs, including steel inputs, that our factories rely on to create internationally competitive finished goods, while threatening our status as the world's leading exporter of services and capital goods.

据预计,针对钢铁和铝的关税政策,将使美国失去多达7万个制造业净工作。此外,目前施行中的边缘政策让美国进入国际市场越来越难,这直接削弱了美国的制造业,因为我们一直依赖钢铁来生产具有国际竞争力的成品,而外国输入的产品,包括钢铁的价格又上涨了。这样一来,美国作为世界领先的服务与资本货物出口大国的地位也岌岌可危。

The forgotten Americans President Trump pledged to pay attention to—notably farmers and manufacturing workers—are precisely the people who will be hurt the most.

特朗普总统曾经承诺会关注那些被遗忘美国人,尤其是农民和制造业工人,如今,这些人恰恰成为了损失最为惨重的一群人。

文章称,这些都反应了美国贸易政策的根本性错误:他只着眼关税却忽视全球贸易规则。

This ignores the fact that these trade deficits are not the direct result of trade policy, but of the dollar serving as the global currency of choice, the impact of countries' savings and investment rates, and our reliance on foreign capital to make up the difference between what we save and what we spend.

他忽视了贸易逆差不是贸易政策的直接原因,而是美元作为全球货币选择,美国国内存款和投资率的影响,以及美国用外部投资来平衡支出和存款所产生的依赖。

最后,赛利格表示,特朗普的贸易政策真是应了句老话:

If the disease doesn't kill you, the cure surely will.

如果疾病没能要了你的命,那你吃的药铁定会。

02

自由贸易才是最优解

美国乔治梅森大学莫卡特斯中心高级研究员维罗妮卡·德·鲁吉(Veronique de Rugy)在《纽约时报》发表的文章更是直接指出,降关税才是明智之举:

专家怼人果然有文化,批特朗普:“关税猛药”治不好“逆差病”,反要了性命丨外媒说

  为什么美国应该降下所有关税

特朗普的“关税猛药”不止针对中国,也针对了不少其他国家,其中就包括美国亲密邻居兼好友加拿大。

专家怼人果然有文化,批特朗普:“关税猛药”治不好“逆差病”,反要了性命丨外媒说

  文章表示,美国在关税上的“漫无目的”和“毫无意义”的无理取闹应该停止:

The United States should stop the scattershot, pointless nonsense on tariffs and go the other way, and hard: It should drop all tariffs, even if the rest of the world doesn’t follow.

美国在关税问题上漫无目的、毫无意义的无理取闹该停止了,它应该坚决地走另一条路:降低所有的关税,即便其他国家没有采取相同措施,也应如此。

为了讲明白自由贸易的重要性,这位高级研究员搬出了亚当·斯密等经济学家的理论……

Economists since Adam Smith have understood that free trade is the best policy. Studies show that countries with freer trade have both higher per-capita incomes and faster rates of productivity growth.

亚当·斯密以来的经济学家都认为自由贸易是最好的政策。有研究表明,贸易更自由的国家,人均收入更高,劳动生产率增长更快。

Economists have also long understood that barriers to trade, while pitched as a way to help domestic workers, always heavily penalize domestic consumers.

经济学家们也早就知道,贸易发展的障碍,即关税,其初衷是帮助国内工人,却总会严重损害国内消费者的利益。

这对特朗普政府来说也是一样的道理:

The same is true of Mr. Trump’s steel tariffs. Claiming that they protect a vital industry and its 140,000 workers, tariff supporters never mention how much harder they make things for the 6.5 million manufacturing workers in steel-consuming industries. Add to that number all of us who consume goods made of steel, and you get an even larger figure.

所以,特朗普对钢征税也是同样的道理。关税支持者们声称政府保护了一个重要产业及其14万工人,却从不告诉你,那些以钢铁为生的产业的650万制造工人日子有多难过。对了,还要加上我们所有购买钢铁消费品的消费者,这个数值只会越来越大。

如果反其道而行之,关税将会抬高成品价格,对美国企业,以及相关行业的就业带来沉重打击。

专家怼人果然有文化,批特朗普:“关税猛药”治不好“逆差病”,反要了性命丨外媒说

  举个例子来看:

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