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科学家们如何能确认新冠病毒并非实验室产物？(3)

2020-07-20 00:15:00 来源：央视 A+A-

One of the key features that makes SARS-CoV-2 different from the other coronaviruses is a particular “spike” protein that binds well with another protein on the outside of human cells called ACE2。 This enables the virus to hook into and infect a variety of human cells。

However， other related coronaviruses do have similar features， providing evidence that they have evolved naturally rather than being artificially added in a lab。

大多数传染病和所有已知的冠状病毒的来源是动物

The majority of infectious diseases and all known coronaviruses have animal origins

据估计，人类已知的传染病中有60%来源于动物，在所有新发或再发疾病中这个比例达到75%。

新冠病毒是人类发现的七种冠状病毒中最新的一种，而它们全部来自蝙蝠，小鼠或其他家畜。

An estimated 60 percent of known infectious diseases and 75 percent of all new， emerging， or re-emerging diseases in humans have animal origins。

SARS-CoV-2 is the newest of seven coronaviruses found in humans， all of which came from animals， either from bats， mice or domestic animals。

The mixing or “recombination” of distinct coronavirus genomes in nature is one of the mechanisms that bring about novel coronaviruses。 There is now further evidence that this process could be involved in the generation of SARS-CoV-2。

最有可能来自蝙蝠

SARS-CoV-2 most likely originated from bats

实际上，新冠病毒最有可能是由一种病毒变异体进化而来，该变异体无法长时间存活或潜伏于蝙蝠体内。

巧合的是，它进化出了入侵人类细胞的能力，然后可能是通过中间的动物宿主偶然获得了进入人类社会的途径，得以繁衍传播。

In fact， SARS-CoV-2 most likely evolved from a viral variant that couldn‘t survive for a long period of time or that persists at low levels in bats。

Coincidentally， it evolved the ability to invade human cells and accidentally found its way into humans， possibly by means of an intermediate animal host， where it then thrived。

Or an initially harmless form of the virus might have jumped directly into humans and then evolved to become harmful as it passed between people。

Bats were also the source of the viruses causing Ebola， rabies， Nipah and Hendra virus infections， Marburg virus disease， and strains of Influenza A virus。